Which government has the power to amend provisions relating to the federal executive?

The power to amend provisions relating to the federal executive is vested solely in the federal parliament. This is rooted in the structure of the Canadian Constitution, particularly in the Constitution Act, 1867, and subsequent amendments. The federal executive, which includes the Governor General and the Cabinet, operates under the authority established by federal law, and any changes to how this body functions, its powers, or its structure must be legislated by the national government.

Provincial governments, municipal councils, and judicial branches do not possess the authority to amend these federal constitutional provisions, as their powers are defined within their own jurisdictions and by the broader constitutional framework. Provinces can only legislate on matters specifically allotted to them under Section 92 of the Constitution Act, while municipalities derive their powers from their respective provinces and have no direct constitutional authority. The judicial branches, while they interpret and apply constitutional law, do not have the power to amend constitutional provisions directly. The amendment procedures for the Constitution are specified in Part V of the Constitution Act, 1982, highlighting the role of the federal parliament in making changes related to the federal executive.